• Adenosine receptors activate a number of signalling pathways

  2024-05-07

  

  Adenosine receptors activate a number of signalling pathways involved in tissue survival including several mitogen-activated protein kinases (Fredholm et al., 2001). The common feature of all adenosine receptors is the positive coupling to ERK1/2, whilst A2B and A3 receptors can also activate the st

• In the presence of detrimental conditions such as inflammati

  2024-05-07

  

  In the presence of detrimental conditions, such as inflammation, hypoxia, ischemia trauma or neoplastic milieu, the extracellular levels of adenosine increase massively, reaching micromolar range [51,52]. In these pathological contexts, adenosine accumulation stems from increased extracellular depho

• All consecutive patients who were

  2024-05-07

  

  All consecutive patients who were confirmatively diagnosed with MP-PPE and TPE, respectively, between January 2008 and December 2016 at Kyungpook National University Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea, an area with an intermediate prevalence of active tuberculosis, were enrolled.

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements We thank Ann Jac

  2024-05-06

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgements We thank Ann Jackman, Mike Ormerod and members of Julian Downward's and Alan Ashworth's groups for helpful discussions. This work was supported by grant number PEM/GME/D391/40 from the Kidani Trust (S. Kaye) and by Keele University. Introduction Autota

• There is little question that as we become

  2024-05-06

  

  There is little question that as we become more proficient in the diagnosis of arginase 1 deficiency individuals with intermediary elevations in arginine on newborn screening and partial defects in enzymatic activity will be found. There are no reliable data to determine a safe level of arginine and

• Over expression of the inflammatory cytokines MMPs and COX a

  2024-05-06

  

  Over expression of the inflammatory cytokines, MMPs and COX-2 act as an important inducer of chronic inflammation. COX-2 catalyzes the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs), and induced expression was observed in geneticin stimulated with pro-inflammatory cytokines or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (Kh

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgement We

  2024-05-06

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgement We wish to thank the Program of National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0200500) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (KYTZ201604) for partially funding this work. Introduction Chitosan ((1→4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glucose) is

• For the derivatives a c

  2024-05-06

  

  For the derivatives 3a–3c, another likely explanation for antifungal properties is that polymers bearing primary amine groups and secondary phosphoryl groups formed, enhancing complexation with the phosphate groups, and the complexes are amphiphilic (Palermo, Lee, Ramamoorthy, & Kuroda, 2011). The a

• br HIF Signaling in AA Therapy Resistance An

  2024-05-06

  

  HIF-α Signaling in AA Therapy Resistance An important result emerging from Phase 3 clinical trials testing AA therapies is improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) that is not accompanied by enhanced overall survival (OS) [26]. This dichotomy has been attributed to mechanisms of acquired re

• bv8 Most clinically approved antiangiogenic drugs are aimed

  2024-05-06

  

  Most clinically approved antiangiogenic drugs are aimed at blocking the action of vascular endothelial growth factor, or VEGF, which is accepted to be the most important tumor-derived angiogenic factor, stimulating proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, as well as branching of vessels (Fe

• Studies have demonstrated that AT plays a

  2024-05-06

  

  Studies have demonstrated that AT2 plays a greater role in modulating arterial pressure in females than in males. Chronic low-dose infusion of Ang II decreased blood pressure in female rats at a dose that had negligible effects in males. Furthermore, AT2 blockade eliminates the depressor response to

• br Obstructing SNARE zippering Sharma et

  2024-05-06

  

  Obstructing SNARE “zippering” Sharma et al. demonstrated for the first time that in the postmortem AD brains, the level of SNARE complex formation, which is necessary for driving synaptic vesicle fusion at the presynaptic active zone, is significantly reduced [123]. In the absence of changes in e

• br Discussion Missense mutations transversions of the first

  2024-05-06

  

  Discussion Missense mutations (transversions) of the first nucleotide of the phenylalanine CHIR-124 at position 1174 (F1174) of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene can result in substitutions to leucine or valine (F1174L/V) while missense mutation (transversion) of the second nucleotide of the p

• br In patients with spina bifida and

  2024-05-03

  

  In patients with spina bifida and spinal cord injury, fecal incontinence is a serious issue that can impair activities of daily living and patient self-esteem. To address this Malone et al. first described the Antegrade Continence Enema (ACE) procedure in 1990 [1], which achieves continence by all

• ixazomib br Discussion br Acknowledgments Writing of this

  2024-05-03

  

  Discussion Acknowledgments Writing of this review and collection of data from our laboratories that are presented were supported by a grant from the Belgian Science Policy (BELSPO) SSTC Interuniversity Attraction Poles Plastoscine P7/17 to AVDL and JB, multiple grants from the Fund for Scienti

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